algebraic geometric categorical homotopic type network nonlinear chaotic quantum stochastic cybernetic differential topological dynamical systems theory [Imgur: The magic of the Internet](https://imgur.com/ChnWWKH) https://twitter.com/manoelribeiro/status/1771168737917354316 In this randomized, controlled, pre-registered study GPT-4 is better able to change people’s minds during a debate than other humans, when it is given access to personal information about the person it is debating. [[2403.14380] On the Conversational Persuasiveness of Large Language Models: A Randomized Controlled Trial](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.14380) [[2309.06979] Auto-Regressive Next-Token Predictors are Universal Learners](https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.06979) [[1901.03429] On the Turing Completeness of Modern Neural Network Architectures](https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.03429) pokud SSRI antidepresiva fungujou hlavně díky zvýšení neuroplasticity ([Effects of escitalopram on synaptic density in the healthy human brain: a randomized controlled trial](<[Effects of escitalopram on synaptic density in the healthy human brain: a randomized controlled trial | Molecular Psychiatry](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-023-02285-8>))) místo rozbitýho serotoninu, což se hodně debatuje ([The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence](<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-022-01661-0>), [Review that questioned serotonin theory of depression was flawed, say researchers](<https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj.p1419>)), kde neuroplasticita dává schopnost mozku se jednodušeji předrátovat, tak dává větší smysl je pravda že antidepresiva + terapie je o dost efektivnější, tím jak to incentivizuje přepisováním dobrým směrem pokud SSRI antidepresiva fungujou hlavně díky zvýšení neuroplasticity ([Effects of escitalopram on synaptic density in the healthy human brain: a randomized controlled trial](<[Effects of escitalopram on synaptic density in the healthy human brain: a randomized controlled trial | Molecular Psychiatry](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-023-02285-8>))) místo rozbitýho serotoninu, což se hodně debatuje ([The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence](<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-022-01661-0>), [Review that questioned serotonin theory of depression was flawed, say researchers](<https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj.p1419>)), kde neuroplasticita dává schopnost mozku se jednodušeji předrátovat, tak dává větší smysl je pravda že antidepresiva + terapie je o dost efektivnější, tím jak to incentivizuje přepisování neurálních sítí dobrým směrem [[2308.06887] Robustified ANNs Reveal Wormholes Between Human Category Percepts](https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.06887) https://twitter.com/katie_kang_/status/1709643099310555268?t=sCZbbUvSlcCO1YyfNVnx6Q&s=19 [[2310.00873] Deep Neural Networks Tend To Extrapolate Predictably](https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.00873) https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1771835832476860585 https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1771833135853867030 [[2303.04910] Baldur: Whole-Proof Generation and Repair with Large Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.04910) [Draft, Sketch, and Prove: Guiding Formal Theorem Provers with Informal Proofs | OpenReview](https://openreview.net/forum?id=SMa9EAovKMC) https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1771829775432069419 https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1771877026334404900 https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1772487227592884402 https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1772484528545689876 These equations form the basis of the standard model of cosmology, known as the Big Bang theory, and help in understanding the expansion and fate of the universe. https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1772503096851087613 - Behavioral CQ: The ability to exhibit appropriate verbal and nonverbal behaviors in cross-cultural interactions, often assessed using behavioral observations and situational judgment tests. Here is a gigantic map of information processing in biological systems: 1. Genetic Information Processing 1.1. DNA Replication 1.1.1. Initiation 1.1.2. Elongation 1.1.3. Termination 1.2. Transcription 1.2.1. Initiation 1.2.2. Elongation 1.2.3. Termination 1.3. Translation 1.3.1. Initiation 1.3.2. Elongation 1.3.3. Termination 1.4. Post-translational Modifications 1.4.1. Phosphorylation 1.4.2. Glycosylation 1.4.3. Ubiquitination 1.4.4. Methylation 1.4.5. Acetylation 1.5. Epigenetic Regulation 1.5.1. DNA Methylation 1.5.2. Histone Modifications 1.5.3. Chromatin Remodeling 2. Cell Signaling and Communication 2.1. Receptor-Ligand Interactions 2.1.1. G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) 2.1.2. Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) 2.1.3. Ion Channel-Linked Receptors 2.1.4. Nuclear Receptors 2.2. Signal Transduction Pathways 2.2.1. cAMP-Dependent Pathway 2.2.2. Phosphoinositide Pathway 2.2.3. MAPK Pathway 2.2.4. JAK-STAT Pathway 2.2.5. Notch Signaling Pathway 2.2.6. Wnt Signaling Pathway 2.2.7. Hedgehog Signaling Pathway 2.2.8. TGF-β Signaling Pathway 2.3. Cell-Cell Communication 2.3.1. Gap Junctions 2.3.2. Tight Junctions 2.3.3. Adherens Junctions 2.3.4. Desmosomes 2.4. Extracellular Matrix (ECM) Interactions 2.4.1. Integrins 2.4.2. Cadherins 2.4.3. Selectins 2.4.4. Immunoglobulin Superfamily 3. Cellular Metabolism and Energy Production 3.1. Glycolysis 3.2. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) 3.3. Oxidative Phosphorylation 3.4. Pentose Phosphate Pathway 3.5. Fatty Acid Metabolism 3.5.1. Fatty Acid Synthesis 3.5.2. Fatty Acid Oxidation 3.6. Amino Acid Metabolism 3.7. Nucleotide Metabolism 4. Cellular Transport and Trafficking 4.1. Membrane Transport 4.1.1. Passive Transport 4.1.1.1. Simple Diffusion 4.1.1.2. Facilitated Diffusion 4.1.2. Active Transport 4.1.2.1. Primary Active Transport 4.1.2.2. Secondary Active Transport 4.2. Vesicular Transport 4.2.1. Endocytosis 4.2.1.1. Phagocytosis 4.2.1.2. Pinocytosis 4.2.1.3. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis 4.2.2. Exocytosis 4.3. Protein Sorting and Targeting 4.3.1. Signal Peptides 4.3.2. Glycosylation and Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Anchors 4.3.3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Retention Signals 4.3.4. Nuclear Localization Signals (NLS) 4.3.5. Mitochondrial Targeting Sequences 5. Cell Cycle and Division 5.1. Cell Cycle Phases 5.1.1. G1 Phase 5.1.2. S Phase 5.1.3. G2 Phase 5.1.4. M Phase 5.2. Cell Cycle Regulation 5.2.1. Cyclins and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) 5.2.2. Checkpoints 5.2.2.1. G1/S Checkpoint 5.2.2.2. G2/M Checkpoint 5.2.2.3. Spindle Assembly Checkpoint 5.3. Mitosis 5.3.1. Prophase 5.3.2. Metaphase 5.3.3. Anaphase 5.3.4. Telophase 5.4. Cytokinesis 5.5. Meiosis 5.5.1. Meiosis I 5.5.2. Meiosis II 6. Immune System and Pathogen Recognition 6.1. Innate Immune System 6.1.1. Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) 6.1.1.1. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) 6.1.1.2. NOD-Like Receptors (NLRs) 6.1.1.3. RIG-I-Like Receptors (RLRs) 6.1.1.4. C-Type Lectin Receptors (CLRs) 6.1.2. Complement System 6.1.3. Phagocytosis 6.1.4. Inflammation 6.2. Adaptive Immune System 6.2.1. T Lymphocytes 6.2.1.1. T Cell Receptor (TCR) Signaling 6.2.1.2. CD4+ T Cells (Helper T Cells) 6.2.1.3. CD8+ T Cells (Cytotoxic T Cells) 6.2.1.4. Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) 6.2.2. B Lymphocytes 6.2.2.1. B Cell Receptor (BCR) Signaling 6.2.2.2. Antibody Production 6.2.2.3. Isotype Switching 6.2.2.4. Somatic Hypermutation 6.2.3. Immunological Memory 6.3. Antigen Presentation 6.3.1. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I 6.3.2. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II 6.3.3. Cross-Presentation 7. Apoptosis and Cell Death 7.1. Intrinsic (Mitochondrial) Pathway 7.1.1. Bcl-2 Family Proteins 7.1.2. Cytochrome c Release 7.1.3. Apoptosome Formation 7.2. Extrinsic (Death Receptor) Pathway 7.2.1. Fas Receptor (CD95) 7.2.2. TNF Receptor (TNFR) 7.2.3. Death-Inducing Signaling Complex (DISC) 7.3. Caspase Activation 7.3.1. Initiator Caspases 7.3.2. Effector Caspases 7.4. Apoptotic Cell Clearance 7.5. Necrosis 7.6. Autophagy 8. Neuronal Signaling and Synaptic Transmission 8.1. Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Storage 8.2. Synaptic Vesicle Exocytosis 8.3. Neurotransmitter Receptors 8.3.1. Ionotropic Receptors 8.3.1.1. Ligand-Gated Ion Channels 8.3.2. Metabotropic Receptors 8.3.2.1. G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) 8.4. Synaptic Plasticity 8.4.1. Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) 8.4.2. Long-Term Depression (LTD) 8.5. Neurotransmitter Reuptake and Degradation 9. Endocrine System and Hormone Signaling 9.1. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis 9.1.1. Hypothalamic Releasing Hormones 9.1.2. Anterior Pituitary Hormones 9.1.3. Posterior Pituitary Hormones 9.2. Thyroid Hormones 9.3. Adrenal Hormones 9.3.1. Glucocorticoids 9.3.2. Mineralocorticoids 9.3.3. Catecholamines 9.4. Pancreatic Hormones 9.4.1. Insulin 9.4.2. Glucagon 9.5. Sex Hormones 9.5.1. Androgens 9.5.2. Estrogens 9.5.3. Progestogens 9.6. Growth Hormone (GH) 9.7. Hormone Receptors 9.7.1. Nuclear Receptors 9.7.2. Membrane Receptors 10. Sensory Systems and Perception 10.1. Visual System 10.1.1. Phototransduction 10.1.2. Retinal Processing 10.1.3. Visual Cortex 10.2. Auditory System 10.2.1. Mechanotransduction 10.2.2. Cochlear Processing 10.2.3. Auditory Cortex 10.3. Somatosensory System 10.3.1. Mechanoreceptors 10.3.2. Thermoreceptors 10.3.3. Nociceptors 10.3.4. Somatosensory Cortex 10.4. Gustatory System 10.4.1. Taste Receptors 10.4.2. Gustatory Cortex 10.5. Olfactory System 10.5.1. Olfactory Receptors 10.5.2. Olfactory Bulb 10.5.3. Olfactory Cortex This map provides a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of information processing in biological systems, from the molecular level to the organismal level. It covers genetic information processing, cell signaling and communication, cellular metabolism and energy production, cellular transport and trafficking, cell cycle and division, immune system and pathogen recognition, apoptosis and cell death, neuronal signaling and synaptic transmission, endocrine system and hormone signaling, and sensory systems and perception. Each main category is further divided into subcategories and specific processes, providing a detailed and organized representation of the complex network of information processing in living organisms. The landscape of neuro-symbolic AI https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1772832439167050193 4.11.4. Embodied Multimodal Learning https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1772844107582279954 https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1772849589512466573 https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1771847574493782415 [[2310.02557] Generalization in diffusion models arises from geometry-adaptive harmonic representations](https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.02557) [[2403.17887] The Unreasonable Ineffectiveness of the Deeper Layers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.17887) [[2401.06416] Mission: Impossible Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.06416) https://twitter.com/chrmanning/status/1772642891761955139?t=q_cP_yyWKW6OqeBDnls9ag&s=19 [Quanta Magazine](https://www.quantamagazine.org/doubts-grow-about-the-biosignature-approach-to-alien-hunting-20240319/) [[2211.03464] A Survey on Quantum Reinforcement Learning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.03464) [[1611.02108] Cubical Type Theory: a constructive interpretation of the univalence axiom](https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.02108) [[2403.14045] Accelerated Objective Gap and Gradient Norm Convergence for Gradient Descent via Long Steps](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.14045) [Quanta Magazine](https://www.quantamagazine.org/brains-background-noise-may-explain-value-of-shock-therapy-20240318/) https://twitter.com/a_karvonen/status/1772266045048336582 https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1772730628850466870?t=K0lOxMyNWL0PBjZDPV2N4A&s=19 Forgetting to Learn: How AI Deleting Memories Helps It Stay Smart https://twitter.com/IntuitMachine/status/1770818874721575078 [[2309.03194] Signatures of Bayesian inference emerge from energy efficient synapses](https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.03194) [[2308.09124] Linearity of Relation Decoding in Transformer Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.09124) Replication crisis acceleration https://twitter.com/cremieuxrecueil/status/1772765486935056893 [Ranking Fields by p-Value Suspiciousness - Cremieux Recueil](https://www.cremieux.xyz/p/ranking-fields-by-p-value-suspiciousness) https://twitter.com/vismayagrawal/status/1772788634858733937?t=tEfjeIUpi_SQfHV3eGG8zw&s=19 https://twitter.com/sebkrier/status/1772692631987916997?t=Rb3DEZbF9LryndfB6dzKng&s=19 immortality meme [Imgur: The magic of the Internet](https://imgur.com/PjgvUvx) https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1773164996559520152 And human language is just information processing in biology https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1773201819138765086?t=dyaPbDarNehF6WKXmTzwow&s=19 Untitled - 2024-03-28 6:19:41 AM Use the most information rich language to explain as much of science as possible from first principles! Science, the systematic study of the natural world, is built upon fundamental principles and laws that govern the behavior of matter and energy. At its core, science seeks to understand the universe through observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning. The foundation of science lies in the scientific method, a process of inquiry that involves formulating hypotheses, gathering evidence through rigorous experimentation, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. This iterative process allows scientists to continually refine their understanding of natural phenomena and develop increasingly accurate models of reality. The physical world is composed of matter, which consists of atoms and molecules. These basic building blocks interact through four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces. The behavior of matter and energy is described by the laws of physics, such as Newton's laws of motion, thermodynamics, and quantum mechanics. Chemistry, the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, explores how atoms and molecules interact to form complex substances. Chemical reactions, governed by the principles of conservation of mass and energy, underlie the formation of compounds and the processes that sustain life. Biology, the study of living organisms, encompasses the structure, function, growth, evolution, and distribution of life on Earth. The fundamental unit of life is the cell, which carries genetic information in the form of DNA. Evolution by natural selection is the unifying theory that explains the diversity of life and how organisms adapt to their environments over time. Earth science investigates the structure, processes, and history of our planet, from the formation of rocks and minerals to the dynamics of the atmosphere, oceans, and climate. Plate tectonics, the theory that describes the movement and interaction of Earth's lithospheric plates, provides a framework for understanding geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building. Astronomy and cosmology explore the universe beyond Earth, seeking to understand the formation, evolution, and ultimate fate of stars, galaxies, and the cosmos as a whole. The Big Bang theory, supported by evidence such as cosmic microwave background radiation, describes the origin and expansion of the universe. Mathematics, the language of science, provides the tools for quantifying, analyzing, and modeling natural phenomena. Statistical methods allow scientists to draw meaningful conclusions from data and assess the reliability of their findings. The interdisciplinary nature of science is exemplified by fields such as biochemistry, which combines chemistry and biology to study the molecular basis of life, and astrophysics, which applies physical principles to understand the behavior of celestial objects. Science is an ongoing, self-correcting process that continually refines our understanding of the natural world. As new evidence emerges and new technologies develop, scientific theories are tested, modified, and sometimes replaced by more accurate explanations. The knowledge gained through scientific inquiry has transformed our world and continues to shape our understanding of the universe and our place within it. At the fundamental level, the universe is governed by the laws of quantum mechanics, which describe the behavior of matter and energy at the subatomic scale. The wave-particle duality of quantum entities, such as electrons and photons, gives rise to the probabilistic nature of reality, where outcomes are determined by complex wave functions. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle sets limits on the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties can be measured simultaneously, while quantum entanglement allows for instantaneous correlations between particles across vast distances. The Standard Model of particle physics encapsulates our current understanding of the elementary particles and their interactions through the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear forces. Quarks, the building blocks of protons and neutrons, interact via the exchange of gluons, the carriers of the strong force, which binds them together within atomic nuclei. Leptons, such as electrons and neutrinos, participate in weak interactions mediated by W and Z bosons. The Higgs boson, discovered in 2012, is responsible for the mass of elementary particles and completes the Standard Model. General relativity, Einstein's theory of gravity, describes the curvature of spacetime caused by the presence of mass and energy. The equivalence principle states that gravitational acceleration is indistinguishable from acceleration caused by other forces, leading to phenomena such as time dilation and length contraction. Black holes, formed by the collapse of massive stars, are extreme manifestations of curved spacetime, where the gravitational pull is so strong that not even light can escape. The large-scale structure of the universe is shaped by the interplay of gravity, dark matter, and dark energy. Dark matter, which does not interact electromagnetically, is inferred from its gravitational effects on visible matter and plays a crucial role in the formation and evolution of galaxies and galaxy clusters. Dark energy, a mysterious form of energy that permeates all of space, is responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe.