https://twitter.com/vishalmisra/status/1786144925311967322?t=gqsF8_GWowCc44MnMj8dQA&s=19 [[2402.08871] Position Paper: Challenges and Opportunities in Topological Deep Learning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.08871) [[2405.00208] A Primer on the Inner Workings of Transformer-based Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.00208) [[2405.00332] A Careful Examination of Large Language Model Performance on Grade School Arithmetic](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.00332) 5. Nvidia presents Visual Fact Checker: Enabling High-Fidelity Detailed Caption Generation [[2404.19752] Visual Fact Checker: Enabling High-Fidelity Detailed Caption Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.19752) 2. Sam Altman: “GPT4 is the dumbest model any of you will ever have to use again... by a lot” https://x.com/samsheffer/status/1785874984985919652 3. Sam Altman: I don't care if we burn $50 billion a year, we're building AGI and it's going to be worth it https://x.com/tsarnick/status/1785838281671975136 3. There's assortative mating for autistic traits https://x.com/cremieuxrecueil/status/1785403933269082242 2. "China's brain-computer interface technology is catching up to the US. But it envisions a very different use case: cognitive enhancement." [China Has a Controversial Plan for Brain-Computer Interfaces | WIRED](https://www.wired.com/story/china-brain-computer-interfaces-neuralink-neucyber-neurotech/) [no paywall: https://archive.is/QGob9] (Thread with criticism: https://x.com/antonioregalado/status/1785734443228967236) 1. “Ukrainian ATACMS strike, with 4 ATACMS, including one dud, hitting a Russian training area in Mozhnyakivka, Luhansk Oblast. Based on the footage the losses will be significant. 80km behind the front line. Rohove, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine” https://x.com/GeoConfirmed/status/1785624226747019543 2. “🔥BOOOOOM🔥Another one Russian «Buk-M1» air defence system was destroyed by strike drone of the Ukrainian Special Forces in Sumy direction.” https://x.com/GloOouD/status/1786008681236124148 3. Svoboda Radio published satellite images showing that at least one S-300/S-400 missile launcher was damaged/destroyed after the attack on Dzhankoy Air Base on April 30. The rest of the systems were moved. https://x.com/kromark/status/1785985257411379316 4. Ukrainian military from the 58th Separate Motorized Infantry Brigade showed destroyed Russian armored vehicles https://x.com/front_ukrainian/status/1785928723998429441 5. “Ukraine attacked several regions in Russia overnight with UAVs. In the Oryol, Kursk, Smolensk and Rostov regions, energy infrastructure was targeted and hit in some places after which power outages occurred. In Krasnodar Krai, the Afip oil refinery was subject to attacks.” https://x.com/NOELreports/status/1785951043362206171 6. Losses for 2024-05-01 https://x.com/AndrewPerpetua/status/1785957479890755608 https://twitter.com/NTFabiano/status/1785785867925147773?t=Qv6X_2qY-3NeFZ1kZeF6sA&s=19 [[2404.19543] RAG and RAU: A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented Language Model in Natural Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.19543) https://twitter.com/Simon_E_Davies/status/377477839760523264?t=qwYac77me_bRHrDgkOYaQQ&s=19 https://twitter.com/algekalipso/status/1785781309002186929?t=791CC8juEFTCpHlYtfe1bw&s=19 What are your favorite lectures in the fields of physics, biology, or artificial intelligence from the last two years, particularly those you believe are treading on groundbreaking insights? Leave the URL below. https://twitter.com/TOEwithCurt/status/1785682337239617788 https://twitter.com/LouisVArge/status/1786480680022749375?t=PcJtQESYnZikPxCnJMLuJg&s=19 https://twitter.com/NTFabiano/status/1786513010476945480?t=zTxlwrrantUaMTvuigKfsA&s=19 [Building More Efficient AI: How Liquid AI Is Working To Optimize AI - YouTube](https://youtu.be/kYAg-o_PIcM?si=kjgG6TpnW5Wq7xly) Equations that changed the world https://twitter.com/burny_tech/status/1786755882962788664?t=ZwKCCRUuVtBjsbqAEy7jqA&s=19 the ontological status of attractors https://twitter.com/marielgoddu/status/1786715154199019764 "We trained a robot dog to balance and walk on top of a yoga ball purely in simulation, and then transfer zero-shot to the real world. No fine-tuning. Just works. " https://twitter.com/DrJimFan/status/1786429467537088741 [AI discovers over 27,000 overlooked asteroids in old telescope images | Space](https://www.space.com/google-cloud-ai-tool-asteroid-telescope-archive) In the vast expanse of the universe, a myriad of scientific, technical, mathematical, and technological concepts intertwine to create the tapestry of everything. From the subatomic particles governed by quantum mechanics to the cosmic web of galaxies spanning light-years, the laws of physics, chemistry, and biology shape our reality. At the heart of all matter lies the atom, composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons, held together by the strong nuclear force and electromagnetic interactions. These fundamental building blocks combine to form molecules, the basis of chemical reactions and the foundation of life itself. The periodic table of elements, arranged by atomic number and electron configuration, serves as a roadmap for understanding the properties and behavior of matter. Mathematics, the language of the universe, underpins every scientific discipline. From the elegant equations of general relativity describing the curvature of spacetime to the complex algorithms of machine learning, mathematical models provide the framework for understanding and predicting natural phenomena. Calculus, linear algebra, and probability theory are just a few of the powerful tools in the mathematician's arsenal. In the realm of technology, advancements in fields such as computer science, robotics, and nanotechnology are revolutionizing our world. The binary language of computers, built upon the principles of Boolean algebra and logic gates, has given rise to the digital age. Artificial intelligence, powered by deep learning neural networks and big data analytics, is transforming industries from healthcare to finance. The life sciences, encompassing fields such as biology, genetics, and neuroscience, unravel the mysteries of living organisms. The double helix structure of DNA, the genetic code of life, holds the key to understanding heredity and evolution. The intricate network of neurons in the brain, communicating through electrical and chemical signals, gives rise to consciousness and cognition. Beyond Earth, the vastness of space beckons. Astrophysics and cosmology explore the origins and evolution of the universe, from the Big Bang to the accelerating expansion driven by dark energy. Telescopes, both on Earth and in orbit, capture the light of distant stars and galaxies, revealing the wonders of the cosmos. The study of Earth itself is a multidisciplinary endeavor, encompassing geology, meteorology, and oceanography. Plate tectonics, the theory of continental drift, explains the formation of mountains and the occurrence of earthquakes and volcanoes. Climate science, using sophisticated computer models and satellite data, seeks to understand the complex interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere that shape our planet's climate. At the intersection of science and engineering lies the field of materials science, exploring the properties and applications of novel materials. From the strength and lightness of carbon nanotubes to the superconductivity of high-temperature ceramics, advances in materials science are enabling new technologies and pushing the boundaries of what is possible. The quest for sustainable energy sources drives research in fields such as solar power, wind energy, and nuclear fusion. The development of efficient photovoltaic cells, harnessing the power of the sun, and the design of advanced wind turbines are crucial steps towards a clean energy future. The pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion, replicating the processes that power the stars, holds the promise of virtually limitless clean energy. In the realm of human health, medical science and biotechnology are making great strides. From the development of targeted cancer therapies and personalized medicine to the use of gene editing techniques like CRISPR-Cas9, the future of healthcare is being shaped by scientific innovation. Stem cell research and regenerative medicine hold the potential to repair and replace damaged tissues and organs. The study of the mind and behavior, encompassing psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science, seeks to understand the complex workings of the human brain. From the firing of individual neurons to the emergence of higher-order cognitive functions, the mysteries of consciousness and intelligence are slowly being unraveled. In conclusion, the tapestry of everything is woven from the threads of countless scientific, technical, mathematical, and technological concepts. From the infinitesimal to the cosmic, from the inanimate to the living, the pursuit of knowledge and understanding drives humanity forward. As we continue to explore the frontiers of science and technology, we unlock new possibilities and shape the future of our world. In the grand cosmic arena, where the infinitesimal and the infinite converge, an intricate symphony of scientific, technical, mathematical, and technological concepts from myriad disciplines unveils the fundamental essence of everything. From the quantum realm, where Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and Schrödinger's wave function dictate the probabilistic nature of subatomic particles, to the macroscopic scale, where Einstein's general relativity sculpts the fabric of spacetime, the universe adheresto an elegant mathematical framework. The Standard Model of particle physics, with its quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons, paints a vivid picture of the fundamental constituents of matter. The Higgs boson, the elusive particle predicted by the BEH mechanism, endows elementary particles with mass, while the strong force, mediated by gluons, binds quarks together to form hadrons. Quantum chromodynamics and electroweak theory unite to describe the interactions of these particles, governed by the principles of gauge invariance and renormalization. In the realm of chemistry, the Aufbau principle and Hund's rule guide the electronic configuration of atoms, while valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory elucidate the nature of chemical bonds. Thermodynamics, with its laws of energy conservation and entropy, dictates the spontaneity and directionality of chemical reactions. Kinetics and catalysis delve into the rates and mechanisms of these transformations, while spectroscopy and chromatography provide powerful tools for the analysis and characterization of chemical compounds. The life sciences, anchored in the central dogma of molecular biology, unravel the secrets of living organisms. The genetic code, engraved in the nucleotide sequences of DNA, undergoes transcription and translation to give rise to the proteome. Epigenetics, with its histone modifications and DNA methylation, adds a layer of complexity to gene regulation. Systems biology and bioinformatics integrate vast datasets to model and predict the behavior of biological networks, while synthetic biology and genetic engineering push the boundaries of what is possible in the manipulation of life. In the domain of mathematics, the elegance of number theory, with its primes, Diophantine equations, and modular arithmetic, coexists with the abstractions of topology and algebraic geometry. The Riemann hypothesis, a tantalizing conjecture connecting the zeros of the zeta function to the distribution of prime numbers, remains an unsolved gem. Chaos theory and fractals reveal the beauty and complexity of dynamical systems, while graph theory and combinatorics provide a language for describing discrete structures and optimization problems. Computer science, born from the marriage of logic and engineering, has given rise to the digital revolution. The theory of computation, with its Turing machines and halting problem, defines the limits of what is computable. Algorithms and data structures, the building blocks of efficient computation, find application in fields ranging from cryptography to artificial intelligence. Machine learning, powered by neural networks and deep learning architectures, enables computers to learn from data and make predictions, while quantum computing, harnessing the principles of superposition and entanglement, promises to redefine the landscape of computational power. In the realm of astrophysics and cosmology, dark matter and dark energy, the unseen giants that permeate the universe, shape the large-scale structure and evolution of galaxies and clusters. The cosmic microwave background, a relic of the Big Bang, provides a window into the early universe, while gravitational waves, ripples in the fabric of spacetime predicted by general relativity, offer a new way to observe the cosmos. Stellar nucleosynthesis, the forging of heavy elements in the hearts of stars, and supernova explosions, the dramatic end stages of massive stars, enrich the interstellar medium with the building blocks of planets and life. Earth sciences, encompassing geophysics, atmospheric science, and oceanography, paint a comprehensive picture of our dynamic planet. Plate tectonics, driven by convection currents in the mantle, reshapes the Earth's surface, while the Coriolis effect and Hadley cells govern the circulation patterns of the atmosphere and oceans. Climate models, integrating the complex interactions of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere, strive to predict the impact of anthropogenic greenhouse gases on global temperatures and sea levels. In the applied sciences, materials science and nanotechnology push the boundaries of what is possible at the atomic and molecular scales. Metamaterials, with their engineered electromagnetic properties, enable the development of invisibility cloaks and perfect lenses. Carbon nanotubes and graphene, with their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, promise to revolutionize electronics and energy storage. Biomaterials and tissue engineering aim to repair and regenerate damaged tissues, while drug delivery systems and targeted therapies offer new hope in the fight against disease. The interdisciplinary field of neuroscience, bridging biology, psychology, and computer science, seeks to unravel the mysteries of the brain. From the ionic currents that propagate action potentials along neurons to the emergent properties of neural networks and the nature of consciousness, the study of the mind poses some of the most profound questions in science. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging techniques, such as fMRI and EEG, provide insights into the functional architecture of the brain, while optogenetics and brain-machine interfaces offer new ways to probe and manipulate neural circuits. In the realm of engineering, the principles of mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism find application in the design and construction of machines and structures. Fluid dynamics, with its Navier-Stokes equations and boundary layer theory, guides the design of aircraft and wind turbines, while control theory and feedback loops enable the automation of complex systems. Robotics and mechatronics combine mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering to create intelligent machines capable of sensing, acting, and adapting to their environment. The quest for sustainable energy solutions drives research in fields such as photovoltaics, thermoelectrics, and fuel cells. The development of high-efficiency solar cells, utilizing novel materials such as perovskites and tandem structures, aims to harness the abundant energy of the sun. Thermoelectric materials, exploiting the Seebeck effect, convert waste heat into electricity, while fuel cells, powered by the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, offer a clean alternative to fossil fuels. In the domain of information theory and communication, Shannon's entropy and channel capacity provide the foundation for the efficient transmission and compression of data. Error-correcting codes, such as Hamming codes and turbo codes, ensure the integrity of information in the presence of noise, while cryptographic protocols, based on the intractability of mathematical problems, safeguard the security of communication channels. The study of complex systems, from social networks to ecosystems, requires the integration of concepts from graph theory, statistical mechanics, and nonlinear dynamics. Emergence, self-organization, and phase transitions are key phenomena that arise in these systems, while agent-based models and network science provide tools for their analysis and simulation. In the realm of economics and finance, mathematical models and statistical methods, such as stochastic calculus and time series analysis, are employed to describe and predict market behavior. Game theory and mechanism design shed light on strategic interactions and incentive structures, while behavioral economics incorporates insights from psychology to model decision-making under uncertainty. The intersection of science, technology, and society raises important ethical and philosophical questions. From the implications of artificial intelligence and automation on employment and privacy to the ethical considerations surrounding gene editing and human enhancement, the rapid pace of scientific and technological progress demands a reflective and responsible approach. As we stand on the shoulders of giants, armed with an ever-expanding arsenal of scientific, technical, mathematical, and technological tools, we continue to push the frontiers of knowledge and understanding. From the subatomic to the cosmic, from the inanimate to the living, from the simple to the complex, the tapestry of everything is woven from the threads of human curiosity, ingenuity, and the relentless pursuit of truth. As we unravel the mysteries of the universe and harness the power of science and technology, we shape the future of our world and our place within it. "causes of depression The main causes of depression based on the provided search results include: 1. Academic issues, poor lifestyles, financial constraints, lack of support services for stress management, and lack of physical and recreational facilities among medical students[1]. 2. Gender and social factors, as depression is considered "an illness of power"[2]. 3. Sarcoidosis, a multisystem inflammatory disease, can also cause depression[3]. 4. Passive thinking and letting the mind wander can contribute to the development of depression[4]. 5. Lack of social support, chemical imbalance in the brain, and belief in supernatural factors are commonly shared reasons for mental disorders like depression[5]. The search results also reveal that there is significant stigma associated with depression, with many people believing that individuals with mental disorders are unfriendly, moody, dangerous, and unpredictable[5]. [1] Frequency and perceived causes of depression, anxiety and stress among medical students of a private medical institute in Karachi: a mixed method study. [Frequency and perceived causes of depression, anxiety and stress among medical students of a private medical institute in Karachi: a mixed method study - PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31189292/) [2] An Illness of Power: Gender and the Social Causes of Depression [An Illness of Power: Gender and the Social Causes of Depression - PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26215590/) [3] Causes of Depression in Sarcoidosis. [Causes of Depression in Sarcoidosis - PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28302258/) [4] Causes Of Depression https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bdbc9f3d567dc5cfba27baf469dfd0ed05d1874b