I like the notions of complexity mentioned on wiki [Complexity - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complexity#Varied_meanings) [Complexity - Scholarpedia](http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Complexity) and emergence [Emergence - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergence#In_science) and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tw9sr05Vtso](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tw9sr05Vtso) Software in the natural world: A computational approach to hierarchical emergence [[2402.09090] Software in the natural world: A computational approach to hierarchical emergence](https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.09090)